12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? HlRnQ?R\>BjK' 0000001143 00000 n [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. 0000115324 00000 n 9 - Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! to the lag time measured at this location? Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? What are those limits? Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. and S waves to travel any distance up to Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Upload a document. Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Thanks for your feedback! Expert Answer. minutes? HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream between arrival of P and S waves is called Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? Many updates and improvements! P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? H\0y In this 1-to-10 logarithmic scale, each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. Use this information to complete the following. Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. What types of engineers might use this data the most? Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. We additionally manage to pay for . Thanks for your feedback! 0000000856 00000 n How does the Mad Scientist. 0000031066 00000 n Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. 0000001562 00000 n S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. What is an earthquake? If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare !5(~q* When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. miles from the epicenter of an 9 - Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Use this information to complete the following. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. What data is used to determine magnitude? Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. 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So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). (Grades 9 - 12). To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). Figure 1 is a simplified example of a Also called seismometer. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. 0000001746 00000 n The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; aqmd. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! 1. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Figure 8. Download. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. different types of seismic waves. %PDF-1.3 % Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. minute apart, represent the passage of time Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. d>(ZvO= hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . gov For online instructions and current fees click here. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. You can also download it, export it or print it out. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. 0000055643 00000 n Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . (Listen to student ideas.) consider a seismograph stationed 3, Make changes to the sample. Figure 2. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. travel 3,000 miles. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 2. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Key Facts & Information. Three seismographs are needed. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? The lag time for any graph. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? What is an earthquake? The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). 0000003855 00000 n For example, (from left to right). Then do the same for the S-wave. Mr Gneiss. As the drum rotated, the THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. 0000003254 00000 n The seismometers are shown as green dots. use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Last updated November 26, 2013. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Resources. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. (Grades Do you agree with this alignment? Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< 0000005149 00000 n First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 0000000956 00000 n A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. Last modified July 18, 2012. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. The travel-time graph 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. All rights reserved. 0000008845 00000 n Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. located 1,000 miles from the This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence 0000053998 00000 n What about P waves? earthquake though). Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. inch = 500 km. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. [N'. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake.